Articles and Submissions

"The uncertainty principle may be a clue that what we call Science is actually nothing more than a different manifestation of the force of Magic. Science as a separate force may not exist at all. The particles and charges and magnetic and electric properties that make up the basis of what we call Science might actually be composed of tight little balls of large numbers of demons all rolled up together to perform a specific task. This particle as a whole, due to the large number of demons which compose the particle or force, appears to behave in a predictable way. As physicists endlessly dissect particles and forces in search of a single particle from which all others derive, they run into a problem Heisenberg called the uncertainty principle. It basically says the act of observing something affects its state such that it changes what you're trying to observe. More specifically, the harder you try to identify a particle's position, the less you know about its direction and velocity and vice-versa. Obviously, smaller particles are composed of fewer demons which allows for increasing chaotic behavior. This leads to the conclusion that everything is chaotic at the lowest levels, thus magic may be the One True Force that makes up the Universe."

- Bruce Linley

Magick and Science

Magic and Science Undergoing Cogitation

Science, Magic, and Quantum Computers

Fundamental Properties of the Universe

Science, Magic and the Paranormal

Magic, Science and Technology

Magic: Science or Art

Five-Dimensional Theology

Many people wonder how magick works. To the non-believer, they say that there is no proof that spells work. And those abilities such as telekinesis are illusionary or product of imagination. They ask us to use scientific means to explain how exactly these spells are supposed to work. The scope of this essay is to explain just that.

To understand the concept of how magick can effect change, one must understand molecular architecture. That is, how things are made at the atomic level. Everything in nature is made of billions and billions of atoms. Looking to the atomic level, each atom is comprised of orbiting bands of spinning electrons, and a nucleus containing neutrons and protons. The most simple of atoms is the hydrogen atom, containing one electron and one proton. The mechanics of an atom, where the electrons orbit the nucleus, maintain stability. This means that the electrons are held in orbit, much like the planets of our galaxy are held in orbit around our sun. When you have a more complex atom, you end up with more electrons, as well as protons. Laws of physics dictates that an atom will always have the same amount of protons as it does electrons. With more electrons orbiting the nucleus, there ends up being multiple bands, otherwise called orbital rings. The inner ring can only have two electrons in orbit, whereas the outer rings can have a maximum of eight. There is an exception to this rule with the 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th ring. There can only be a maximum number of six rings in any atom.

In most Earth Religions, we’re taught that there exists a balance in nature. And when this balance is removed, forces go to work in an attempt to bring back the balance. We can theorize that rain storms, flooding, or other events of nature are attempts at cleansing the earth. Too much pollution being pumped into the atmosphere could be the trigger for these natural forces to take action. With this concept of balance, we can look at the atom, and see how the acts of balance take effect at the atomic level. An atom must have eight electrons in the outermost ring to maintain stability. Any less, and the atom will become unstable, and a free electron is created. When there are many atoms together that are less than stable, the outermost orbital electrons aren’t too sure which atoms they belong to. They can migrate from one atom, to the next, and the next. However, as one electron migrates from an atom, that atom takes on a free electron from yet another atom. This chain goes on in an endless manner, and serves to demonstrate the idea of balance in nature, where the imbalance is removed by equalizing the electron to proton ratio.

Now that there’s an understanding of how electrons can move from one atom to another, we must next understand that all objects in nature are comprised of these atoms, and how these atoms behave. The atom is very small in size, yet have very large space within. An example would be that which I like to borrow from the film "Mind Walk": Take an orange. If you blow the orange up large enough to see it’s individual atoms you’d have to blow it up to the size of the earth. The atoms would then be the size of a cherry; all of them tightly packed together. You still couldn’t see the nucleus though, because it’s even smaller. You could expand an atom to the size of a football, and still you would not see the nucleus. Now, blow the atom up to the size of a small island, and you’d finally see the nucleus, the size of a pebble. If this pebble were at your feet, the nearest electron would be a good walk from you. All that really makes up an atom is very little mass and a whole lot of empty space. With all this space, how can an object seem solid? That’s a hard concept to conceive, let alone explain. But it’s the pattern, or binding force, which holds things together. Yet at the same time, there’s a constant exchange of energies. The free electrons from the atoms that make me up are shared with the air I breathe, the ground I walk on, and every solid object near me. And yes, they’re even shared with other people. Since there are so many atoms in ones body, it could take forever to pass the absorbed electrons onto something else. So you’ll end up retaining these electrons for a great deal of time. It’s this interaction, or exchange of electrons, of energy, which is the theoretical basis of magick.

Free electrons are shared amongst everything, nothing being left out. Because all matter is comprised of electrons, we can then say that all elements in nature are interconnected. They all co-exist, being linked to one another. This is where the pentagram derives its design. There are five points to the pentacle that comprises the centerpiece of the symbol. Each of the five points represents an element: Earth, Fire, Air, Water, and Soul. The circle encompassing the pentacle represents the never-ending circle of life. There is no beginning, no end, only continuance. Since the soul is who we are, the constant exchange with the other elements serves as a symbol that we are all part of one big picture. Some call this "The All." The Earth is alive with energy, which we share, exchange with, and thusly are a part of. And energy is nothing more than electrons in motion. There is more to the big picture than The All. There is "The One." There was an author who later made a movie out of his books, who created a functional idealism, a religion which many people, including children, accepted. In this religion, there is an all-powerful force that surrounds us, penetrates us, and binds the whole universe together. George Lucas called this "The Force." And it symbolizes the divinity of Earth Religions. Those who are new to the path might be gifted with the ability to sense this energy, and most, when doing their first rituals, or as a solitaire practitioner who calls upon the Goddess, or God, definitely feel the building of this power. It’s a sense of excitement, of suspense, of mystery, and urgency all wrapped together, causing that itching, burning feeling very deep within your chest. "The One" has touched you, and you have touched "The One". It is this force that makes up the All, including the Goddess, and God. And who can deny that we all have within us, a part of the Goddess and God. They’re made of atoms, the same as us.

Magick is the act of participation with, and influence of, the energies in nature. We draw upon the properties of colour, scent, herbs, and the guidance of the Goddess and God. When we conduct ritual, and ask the Goddess or God for a favor, as in a healing spell, or a weather spell, we are attempting to influence the exchange of energies that flow through us, the elements, and the Goddess and God. The energies we stir up are given off as those free electrons, and travel, guided by the forces and the will of the Goddess and God, to the intended target or individual. The saying that everything is nothing more than "Mind over Matter" holds very true. If you sit down, and concentrate on becoming ill, with a temperature, then you will in fact, become ill! So what would happen if you sat, and concentrated on becoming healthy? Or concentrated on improving your love life? Meditation is used to cleanse the mind, so you can concentrate only on that which you wish to achieve. Candles are used to fix ones gaze, which is a form of meditation, or mild self-hypnosis. When you fix your gaze, all other things surrounding you become less of a mental distraction. The colour chosen for the intended spell, or goal, is chosen not because of that colours specific magickal property, but rather how we perceive this colour to be. Since magick has been around for a very long time, traditions dictate what colours belong to which specific aspect of life. This sets a standard that everyone follows, and makes the "mental note" much easier to recall. White is one example. We all know that white is used for protection. Green is often used for spells involving money and wealth. If you want to cast a spell to help draw money, you’d concentrate on the flame of the candle, and visualize the money flowing towards you. The colour of green only emphasizes the concentration that much more, because YOU KNOW that green candles are akin to money, and wealth. It all boils down to the "Mind over Matter" aspect of magick.

Psychometery is the ability to touch an object physically, and tell its history. Take a knife used in a murder. A person who knows how to use this ability can then proceed to describe how the knife was used. How is this possible? Simply put, the negative energies of the killer are imprinted onto the knife. How? The free electron theory explains how the knife was used, because the knife absorbs the killers’ negative energies, and the victims free electrons are also imprinted into the knife. As stated earlier, the electrons which the knife absorbed will be retained by the knife for a long period of time, since there is a vast number of atoms that make up any given object, and an even larger number of electrons.

Healers are able to cure ailments by merely touching the person, and willing them to health. It takes a special person, who’s either been trained, or is able to access this power naturally, to actually do the healing. The healers’ energies of kindness, and love, are in effect charging, putting into motion, the electrons within themselves. Upon touch, the energies are transferred to the recipient, and then they go to work. But it does take the work of both the healer and the person being healed. Again, this is because "Mind over Matter" rules, and the receiver can actually will away the healing. The mind is definitely a powerful tool.

Soul-Mating is another example of shared electrons, or magick. Ask anyone who has had the true experience of this, and they can attest to the magickal powers. It only occurs when two people make love so intensely, and intimately, that their two souls touch one another. The energies build, and you can actually feel your soul being pulled on. This is because the two people share a common love, and are deeply interested in pleasing the other. This strong mental desire is the key that creates this intensive exchange of energies between two people.

Physical and mental contact is not the only means of conveying magick. There is the mantra. Buddhists, Hindus, and the Sikh are among several religions that use mantra to induce states of awareness. The idea is to cause vibrations, or frequencies from within your body, which can induce transcendental states, help with meditation, healing, dreams, and the manipulation of non-physical energies. A frequency is produced when you have an energy that has a periodic variation; the number of cycles per second determines what the frequency will be. Our voices vary in level, and pitch. Thusly, our voices have a range of frequencies. We call it octaves, or label it as tenor, bass, or soprano. It’s the same voice that can shatter a crystal glass, if a high enough frequency is sustained. This has to do with the voice exciting the electrons within the crystal glass beyond the point of its electrons bonding properties. It could be hypothesized that a human body, or any other object, could be destroyed, or altered, if only the proper frequency was achieved which could break down the bonding action. This brings us to the Master Tone. The metaphysical community speculates, and it’s taught under the Mantra, that there is one key tone that could bring the end of the universe. While some Mantra Masters will say they have this knowledge, and know what the Master Tone is, there is yet to be proof. There is only speculation.

In closing, we all live in a world that’s moving with life, and energy that we cannot see. The delicate balance, in which all life hangs in, including this planet, is constantly teetering, swaying, from one side to the other. As balance shifts, and as one side becomes greater, the other compensates. Mother Nature equalizes, repairing damage that we as people cause to our Mother Earth. And looking at life, not as people, nor animal, but rather a collective of energies dependant upon each other, then perhaps we could then live in a universe of perfect peace, and greater understanding about magick, and the life-force which we are all a part of, "The All."

Through history, science and magic, like science and religion, have at been at best strange bedfellows and at worst bitter enemies. The battle lines have been drawn with the twin swords of rationality and measurability. On one side of the line stand those things scientists claim we understand, like evolution and matter. On the other side lie the things that science does not want to or know how to explain, such as god and magic.

Somewhat ironically, while the majority of scientists do have religions beliefs, a large number of scientists (probably a majority, though we know of no studies on this) vehemently believe there is no such thing as magic. Some scientists (notably Carl Sagan) go so far as to castigate religion as well because of its ties to the mystical, magical, or supposedly inexplicable. This position seems in some ways more consistent, but neither one takes into account one important fact.

Science doesn't have all the answers. Almost every scientist will admit this, when you push them into the unexplored corners of their own specialty. Physicists don't know why they can't find a magnetic mono-pole. Biologists don't really know what happened in the evolution from apes to humans. Astrophysicists don't know whether the universe will expand forever or collapse back on itself. Psychologists haven't got a clue about how most of the things our brains do for us happen. We personally find it amazing, then, that so many scientists are happy to declare as a fact that there is no such thing as magic or god.

It's not just that everybody's a critic... suddenly everybody's an expert too, in a field that very few people have really spent any time studying. Fortunately, there are some exceptions, or we'd have nothing interesting to present on this page. Among people who consider themselves scientists (rather than philosophers, or theologists, for example), there are two particular groups who are delving into the real questions. And despite one coming from orthodox science and the other often disrespectfully being called "pseudoscience," they seem to be converging on some interesting common questions.

The two fields we're referring to here are cognitive science and parapsychology. An interesting third voice has recently come from the medical community, who often are forced to approach things from a perspective that is more pragmatic than scientific.

Cognitive science is generally interested in understanding how the human mind works, but seems to keep butting up against the question of consciousness. What makes us conscious? How does this perception of consciousness differ (or how is it similar to) our ordinary perceptive modes?

Parapsychology studies powers of the mind that seem to lie outside the normal sphere of physical influence. Telepathy, precognition, and telekinesis are the main areas of study. But lately parapsychologists have been asking questions about consciousness as well. How do states of consciousness affect parapsychological effects? How do consciousness' interact when multiple individuals combine their efforts or oppose each other.

Medicine, in contrast, is largely interested in mechanisms for healing. Within this there is both a conventional and a mystical track. Conventional medicine accepts that the human mind has a capacity for enhancing the healing process, and even accepts that belief systems including religion and magic can offer a way to convince the mind to help heal the body. However, there is also a small group within the conventional medical community (and a much larger group outside conventional medicine) that believes that there can be direct magical effects by another individual on the healing process. Bill Moyers' book and PBS special Healing and the Mind provides a nice introduction to some of the issues. Dr. Larry Dossey has also written a number of books about the subject.

"In the subatomic world particles are not solid, and logic is not fixed. Phantom particles wink in and out of existence in a world devoid of fixed laws."

Once again science fiction is rapidly approaching science fact. The December 11, 1997 issue of the International weekly journal of science, Nature, includes a fascinating story that may eventually have a profound effect on computer design. While scientists have previously postulated the possible design of a quantum computer, this is the first experiment that has proved that matter can be instantaneously transferred from one place to another. In a Austrian laboratory, researchers have succeeded in transferring information about bits of light (photons) that were destroyed in one place, to perfect replicas created about three feet away. Essentially, they transferred information about the basic physical characteristics of the original photons to other photons that took on the characteristics of the originals. Although exotic uses like human teleportation come immediately to mind, in reality this technique is best suited to computer design, or at least transferring stable matter, not living tissue. As the article in Nature points out, using any technology to teleport living matter would be incredibly complex, expensive beyond belief, and would undoubtedly result in a dead human. On the other hand, bits of data could conceivably be teleported without fear of damage, and at a reasonable cost.

In the subatomic world particles are not solid, and logic is not fixed. Phantom particles wink in and out of existence in a world devoid of fixed laws. Since the early 1980's a number of scientists have considered schemes to use quantum-mechanical states rather than bits and bytes to store information. The spin direction of an electron, or polarization of a photon could represent data just like a 0 or 1. Teleportation, however, adds a new wrinkle to the world of subatomic speculation. "Quantum teleportation" is a way to shift physical characteristics instantaneously between the mysterious tiny particles that exist on the sub-atomic level. Anton Zeilinger, who conducted the recent experiments at the University of Innsbruck in Austria, thinks that teleportation of atoms might be feasible within a few years. He even postulates the ability to transport molecules with this technique within a decade (quite a stretch if you ask me).

In the new experiments, scientists transferred the trait of polarization between photons, which have characteristics of both waves and particles. To transfer the polarization between these photons, the scholars used a weird occurrence called "entanglement", a phenomenon that Einstein once derided. When two photons are entangled, they are said to have "opposite luck". In other words, their polorizations (and presumably other characteristics) are the opposite of each other. So, the scientists took three photons: A, B and C. They created B and C as entangled photons. They entangled B with A, destroying A, but since B took on A's opposite characteristics, C had to change to be exactly like A, to remain the opposite of B. Although the process only worked about 25 percent of the time, Zeilinger hopes to achieve a 75 percent accuracy rate in the future. Simple, right? Well, the concept could eventually result in instantaneous transmission of data in a tiny quantum computer.

This is intriguing stuff and it reminds me of a theory used to explain natural phenomena that has been accepted for most of human history: magic. When scientists start talking in terms of "luck" and "the breakdown of logic" it seems like the line between magic and science is being blurred, if not completely removed. Anyway, I hope they do succeed in teleporting bits of data. It would surely solve problems of availability and sub-second response time! And, since normal time breaks down on the sub-atomic level, quantum computers could probably process a user's request before they even pressed the enter key! Boy, that would eliminate any complaints about response time, wouldn't it?

If you want to describe the universe as we know it in its most basic terms, you could say that it consists of a handful of properties. We are all familiar with these properties - so familiar, in fact, that we take them completely for granted. However, under special relativity many of these properties behave in very unexpected ways! Let's review the fundamental properties of the universe so that we are clear about them.

Space
Space is the three dimensional representation of everything we observe and everything that occurs. Space allows objects to have lengths in the left/right, up/down, and forward/backward directions.

Time
Time is a fourth dimension. In normal life, time is a tool we use to measure the procession of events of space. But time is something more. Yes, we use time as a "tool", but time is essential for our physical existence. Space and time when used to describe events can't be clearly separated. Therefore, space and time are woven together in a symbiotic manner. Having one without the other has no meaning in our physical world. To be redundant, without space, time would be useless to us and without time, space would be useless to us. This mutual dependence is known as the Spacetime Continuum. It means that any occurrence in our universe is an event of Space and Time. In Special Relativity, spacetime does not require the notion of a universal time component. The time component for events that are viewed by people in motion with respect to each other will be different. As you will see later, spacetime is the death of the concept of simultaneity.

Matter
Matter in the most fundamental definition is anything that takes up space. Any object you can see, touch, or move by applying a force is matter. Most people probably remember from school that matter is made up of millions of billions of tightly packed atoms. Water, for example, is the compound H2O, meaning two hydrogen atoms combined with one oxygen atom forms one molecule of water.

To fully understand matter let's look at the atom. It is now generally accepted that atoms are made up of three particles called neutrons, protons, and electrons. The neutrons and protons are found in the nucleus (center) of the atom and the electrons reside in a shell surrounding the nucleus. Neutrons are heavy particles, but they have no charge - they are neutral. Protons are also heavy particles and they have a positive charge. Electrons are light particles and they are negatively charged. There are many important features that arise from considering the number of these particles in each atom. For example, the number of protons an atom has will determine the atom's place on the periodic table, and it will determine how the atom behaves in the physical universe.

Motion
Anything that is in the act of changing its location in space is said to be in motion. As you will see later, consideration of "motion" allows for or causes some very interesting concepts.

Mass
Mass has two definitions that are equally important. One is a general definition that most high school students are taught and the other is a more technical definition that is used in physics.

Generally, mass is defined as the measure of how much matter an object or body contains - the total number of sub-atomic particles (electrons, protons and neutrons) in the object. If you multiply your mass by the earth's gravitational force, you get your weight. So if your body weight is fluctuating, by eating or exercising, it is actually your mass that is changing. It is important to understand that mass is independent of your position in space. Your body's mass on the moon is the same as its mass on the earth. The earth's gravitational force, on the other hand, decreases as you move farther away from the earth. Therefore, you can lose weight by changing your elevation, but your mass remains the same. You can also lose weight by living on the moon, but again your mass is the same.

In physics, mass is defined as the amount of force required to cause a body to accelerate. Mass is very closely related to energy in physics. Mass is dependent on the body's motion relative to the motion of an observer. If the body in motion measured its mass, it is always the same. However, if an observer that is not in motion with the body measures the body's mass, the observer would see an increase in mass when the object speeds up. This is called relativistic mass. It should be noted that physics has actually stopped using this concept of mass and now deals mostly in terms of energy (see the section on the unification of mass and energy) . At this stage, this definition of mass may be a little cloudy, but it is important to know the concept. It should become clearer in the special relativity discussion. The important thing to understand here is that there is a relationship between mass and energy.

Energy
Energy is the measure of a system's ability to perform "work". It exists in many forms…potential, kinetic, etc. The law of conservation of energy tells us that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another. These separate forms of energy are not conserved, but the total amount of energy is conserved. If you drop a baseball from your roof, the ball has kinetic energy the moment it starts to move. Just before you dropped the ball, it had only potential energy. As the ball moves, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Likewise, when the ball hits the ground, some of its energy is converted to heat (sometimes called heat energy or heat kinetic energy). If you go through each phase of this scenario and totaled up the energy for the system, you will find that the amount of energy for the system is the same at all times.

Light
Light is a form of energy, and exists in two conceptual frameworks: light exhibits properties that have characteristics of discrete particles (eg. energy is carried away in "chunks") and characteristics of waves (eg. diffraction). This split is known as duality. It is important to understand that this is not an "either/or" situation. Duality means that the characteristics of both waves and particles are present at the same time. The same beam of light will behave as a particle and/or as a wave depending on the experiment. Furthermore, the particle framework (chunks) can have interactions which can be described in terms of wave characteristics and the wave framework can have interactions that can be described in terms of particle characteristics. The particle form is known as a photon, and the waveform is known as electromagnetic radiation. First the photon…

A photon is the light we see when an atom emits energy. In the model of an atom, electrons orbit a nucleus made of protons and neutrons. There are separate electron levels for the electrons orbiting the nucleus. Picture a basketball with several sizes of hula-hoops around it. The basketball would be the nucleus and the hula-hoops would be the possible electron levels. These surrounding levels can be referred to as orbitals. Each of these orbitals can only accept a discrete amount of energy. If an atom absorbs some energy, an electron in an orbital close to the nucleus (a lower energy level) will jump to an orbital that is farther away from the nucleus (a higher energy level). The atom is now said to be excited. This excitement generally will not last very long, and the electron will fall back into the lower shell. A packet of energy, called a photon or quanta, will be released. This emitted energy is equal to the difference between the high and low energy levels, and may be seen as light depending on its wave frequency, discussed below.

The wave form of light is actually a form of energy that is created by an oscillating charge. This charge consists of an oscillating electric field and an oscillating magnetic field, hence the name electromagnetic radiation. We should note that the two fields are oscillating perpendicular to each other. Light is only one form of electromagnetic radiation. All forms are classified on the electromagnetic spectrum by the number of complete oscillations per second that the electric and magnetic fields undergo, called frequency. The frequency range for visible light is only a small portion of the spectrum with violet and red being the highest and lowest frequencies respectively. Since violet light has a higher frequency than red, we say that it has more energy. If you go all the way out on the electromagnetic spectrum, you will see that gamma rays are the most energetic. This should come as no surprise since it is commonly known that gamma rays have enough energy to penetrate many materials. These rays are very dangerous because of the damage they can do to you biologically. The amount of energy is dependent on the frequency of the radiation. Visible electromagnetic radiation is what we commonly refer to as light, which can also be broken down into separate frequencies with corresponding energy levels for each color.

As light travels its path, through space, it often encounters matter in one form or another. We should all be familiar with reflection since we see bright reflections when a light hits a smooth shinny surface like a mirror. This is an example of light interacting with matter in a certain way. When light travels from one medium to another, the light bends. This is called refraction. If the medium, in the path of the light, bends the light or blocks certain frequencies of it, we can see separate colors. A rainbow, for example, occurs when the sun's light becomes separated by moisture in the air. The moisture bends the light, thus separating the frequencies and allowing us to see the unique colors of the light spectrum. Prisms also provide this effect. When light hits a prism at certain angles, the light will refract (bend), causing it to be separated into its individual frequencies. This effect occurs because of the shape of the prism and the angle of the light.

If you look closely at what happens as the light wave enters the prism in the second diagram, you will notice that it bends down. This bending occurs because the light travels faster through the air than it does through the prism. When the lower portion of the wave enters the prism, it slows down. Since the upper portion of the wave (still in the air) is traveling faster than the lower portion, the wave bends. Similarly, as the wave exits the prism, the upper portion exits first and begins travelling faster than the lower portion that is still in the prism. This speed differential causes the wave to bend once again. Think of a skateboard rider going down the driveway. If the rider turns and goes into the grass, his body will lunge forward and actually fly off of the board if he is traveling fast enough originally. This is analogous to light bending as it goes through different mediums. The skateboard and the rider are moving at the same speed until the wheels hit the grass. Now suddenly, the skateboard is traveling slower than the rider is, so the rider begins to bend forward (the rider is trying to continue traveling at the same speed he was before the wheels hit the grass).

Now that we have a little understanding of the composition of light, we can begin to resolve the oft under explained concept of "the speed of light". Since light itself is just a form of electromagnetic radiation, the speed of light is just an easy way of talking about the speed of electromagnetic radiation in general. If you think about it, the speed of light is the "speed of information". We can not acknowledge that an event has occurred until the information about that event reaches us. The information is contained in the electromagnetic radiation from the event via a radio signal, a flash of light etc. Any event is just an occurrence of space and time, and any information that can be transmitted about an event is emitted outward as radiation of some sort. The information (electromagnetic radiation) from the event travels at 186,000 miles/second in a vacuum. If you picture a long train that begins to move forward from a stopped position, you do not expect the very last car to begin moving instantaneously. There is an amount of time that passes before the last car begins to get pulled. Thus, there is an expected delay for last car to "receive" the information that the first car is moving and pulling. This delay is analogous to the transfer of information in special relativity, but SR only imposes an upper limit on the speed of the information; the speed of light. You can make the train example as detailed as you like, but regardless, you will always find that there can be no reaction without a time delay of at least the speed of light between the action and reaction. In the special relativity section we will further discuss the importance of this speed.

Phenomena in sub-atomic physics such as Bell’s Theorem and the Einstein- Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) non-locality differences have led to significant rethinking of the relationship between consciousness and reality. Such thinking forms the basis for modern conceptions of magic and paranormal (psi) phenomena, in that the human mind may have a significant, but non-physical, effect on material reality; or as Wang and Bedford (1985) put it, 'one of the non-mechanical aspects of causation may be will and intention'. In this sense magic can be thought of as the formalized or ritual evocation of paranormal phenomena, which occur outside of this context in the form of phenomena such as telepathy, divination, psychokinesis etc.

Magic is also significant in a cultural sense in that it provides a mechanism whereby human beings give meaning to their world. Malinowski describes magic as 'that toughest and least destructible substance of belief', in that people have always used magic to constitute a 'particular aspect of reality'. As the great anthropologist records, magical approaches to understanding reality are found in societies where magic is 'deemed indispensable' in any aspect of life that is not totally under control, i.e.. whose outcome is not certain. This pattern of belief is becoming more applicable in western society today as the influence of the rationalist enlightenment wanes and that of a new metaphysics takes its place (Talbot, 1981; Capra, 1975; Zukav, 1978).

Magic can be thought of as (a) a means whereby the mind can affect physical reality, or (b) a cultural means of generating meaning about the world. Let us examine the proposition that magic is a mechanism whereby consciousness can interact or interface with physical reality (Carroll, 1992). We have considered the notion of consciousness interacting with physical, external reality in quantum theory; the art or 'science' of magic focuses this idea by training the mind to interface with outside phenomena. This exercise in mental power is effected through the subconscious or unconscious mind, 'using the more stable thoughts, feelings, sensations, and images' stored herein to effect changes in 'etheric patterns'. Carroll suggests the use of 'sleight of mind' techniques which deflect conscious attention away from the desired magical effect, while at the same time directing emotional energy into a symbolic ritual in order to achieve the desired result. This practice is commonly known as 'casting a spell'. In this way, 'etheric patterns' are initiated, which then resonate through the etheric field to affect the probability of events on the physical or macro scale.

In terms of chaos theory, this process seems eminently feasible as a way of achieving concrete results given of course the assumptions of non-physical fields and non-locality at the sub-atomic level which such phenomena demand. Affecting symbolic entities at the level of mind (a micro-level), energized by emotional energy, could ring through morphic fields on some harmonic frequencies and through the essential ‘unisphere’ of the universe, sound its tone in the realm of physical being. This is what shamans and warlocks have done throughout the ages, utilizing the slowly-atrophying 'sixth sense' to gain access to realms beyond physicality as we know it.

Magic and PSI

Broughton (1991) asks why psi abilities have evolved in humans, answering that they further human survival. This he relates to individual biological survival, in giving the individual and 'edge' over others - for example being in the right place at the right time, or avoiding being in the wrong place at the wrong time. This is also related to the concept of luck in 'shifting the odds in one's favour'. He feels that consciousness has given humans the edge over other species, but that psi abilities would give individuals within a species competitive advantage over other individuals. Broughton notes that psi abilities seem to decline the more 'sophisticated' or complex a society becomes. This he attributes to changing strategies of survival as humankind evolved. Environmental changes because of climatic alterations or migrations could have encouraged a mode of human development which emphasized individual action and initiative in basic survival processes. This could have diminished psi abilities which tied into a group consciousness, the basis of which is exemplified today in various animal and insect behaviors (Inglis, Sheldrake).

An important factor here could be the increasing reliance on rational, left-brain thinking which accompanies increasing levels of sophistication and complexity in evolving societies. Such uni-cameral thinking is epitomized in western society, particularly since the Enlightenment of the 17th Century which posited rationalism and materialism as the only valid means of perceiving reality. Such rational development has historically occurred at the expense of intuitive, right-brain perception and thought. It may be that the challenge of evolving psi abilities and 'consciousness' itself is to bring intuitive perceptions into the 'mainstream' of consciousness. In this way the 'reality' we know through dream states becomes superimposed upon the 'rational' world which we normally perceive. This is perhaps the kind of perception available to Australian aborigines when they perceive the 'dreamtime' during ritual events or when the walk the songlines of their traditional migration patterns.

British biologist John Maynard Smith initiated the concept of evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) to explain the survival strategy of a species. This is the pattern of behaviour adopted by most members of a population, and which 'cannot be bettered (in terms of survival and genetic transmission) by an alternative strategy' (in Broughton, p351). These strategies are optimal behaviour patterns which ensure the odds of individual survival through conformity. Broughton posits that the low profile of psi abilities in human populations is a form of ESS.

However, psi abilities may be the result of increasing sophistication of information processing organs (i.e.. the brain). The human brain is possibly the most complex and sophisticated computing device on planet Earth; an evolutionary step in the advancement of this device could be the acquisition of enhanced capacities for processing the information field of which the universe is composed, so enabling psi abilities to develop.

There is more tolerance for parapsychological research in countries such as India, China and Japan, where traditional mental techniques (e.g.. yoga and qi energy) potentialise acceptance of the 'direct interaction of consciousness and the physical world'. However, this mind/phenomena interface may not necessarily be in the form of a cause/effect relationship; Duerr for example postulates that 'magical' rites amongst primitive people are not designed for procurement (a cause-effect relationship) but are instead a kind of 'participation in cosmic events', explicating their sense of the pattern or wholeness of the cosmos. In analyzing the nature of witchcraft and the supernatural, Duerr refers to phenomena such as witches 'flying' or 'talking' to animals as ways of seeing the world and our place or being within it. Reality is a matter of borders which close us into a particular aspect of it, and when we enter into 'other' realities, we are able to see from whence we came, and so define what we are by what we are not. He further contends that these 'other' realities are misleading in their otherness, and in fact are only different aspects of 'reality', seen as a contiguous whole.

There is thus a 'reality' to magical or paranormal phenomena which cannot be understood by the 'scientific' mind; hence the observation by Feyerabend (1975), 'Is not the scientific method constructed in such a way that demons, if they existed, would remain forever undetected by it?' (in Duerr, p335). So when animals 'talk' to shaman or when schizophrenics 'hear' voices, it is a form of awareness that is not related to events in the phenomenal world which can be measured by science. This is an expansion of 'the boundaries of our person' in that we can become aware of things which are invisible to our physical sight. So in divination or telepathy the individual can 'change the boundaries of his person so much that he can be simultaneously within his everyday body and also at another place, where his body is not' (Duerr, p110). The boundaries which define us are developed through socialization and individuation within the context of our society, and Duerr's 'dissolution of barriers', which permits the transference of information, indicates a different phenomenon to the way that electromagnetic waves travel through physical space.

Science and Magic

Peter Carroll, in discussing the theoretical underpinnings of modern 'Chaos magic', raises the concept of ether from its dusty grave in order to address the problem of instantaneous (faster-than-light) information transmission. According to this view, ether is a dimension which is 'orthogonal' to that of time, or is 'a kind of shadow substance', wherein patterns of probability affect material events. It must be pointed out that this is different to the classical concept of ether as a transmissive physical substance, which was postulated in order to explain the propagation of light waves through a vacuum. The Michaelson-Morley experiment in 1887 supposedly dismissed the notion of ether's physical existence, paving the way for Einstein's special theory of relativity (Zukav, 1978). For Carroll, although ether has a real existence, it is not a physical substance, while still affecting physical events simultaneously across space. This phenomenon is important to conceptions of magic, which have magicians causing things to occur across space and time without any physical contact between their conjurations and the resulting phenomena.

Carroll points out that his conception of ether is merely a model to explain existing phenomena, and should not be thought of as necessarily having an independent existence outside of this conception, just as physicists make models to explain events in physical interactions. According to the magical model, ether 'acts as though it were a form of information emitted by matter that is instantaneously available everywhere and has some power to shape the behaviour of other matter' (Carroll, p21). This vision of a fundamentally interconnected, dynamic universe is in a sense a return to an ancient, Aristotelian vision of an organic, interconnected cosmos; it is also a concept of reality which is particularly apt in terms of chaos theory, with its fractal maps of infinite space.

Religion: a social institution composed of a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things.

Science: a social institution composed of a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to secular things.

Durkheim argued that, in order to understand religion, it was necessary to get back to its "elemental" forms and follow its development. His essential conclusions were

In his study of the Trobriand Islanders, Malinowski noted that there was a continuum between the use of magic and technology and between "science" and religion. This continuum was based on the environmental needs of the Islanders

Drawing from Durkheim and Malinowski, many current structural functionalists argue that religion:

There are increasing trends towards a convergence of context (conflict theory), form (structural functionalist) and experience (anthropology/ritual studies).

This convergence is, perhaps, best seen in performance conferences which blend all three trends - a style of work argued for by Bateson

"Natural magic or physical magic is nothing other than the deepest knowledge of the secrets of nature." (Del Rio, 16th Century)

It is interesting that these words were spoken nearly 500 years ago. Since that time, nothing has really changed. There are probably as many definitions of Magic as there are folks who claim to understand its secrets. The word "magic" is derived from pre-Zoroastrian Persia: "Magi" meaning "wise."

What Magic is NOT is a clearly defined art, or science. There are few rules to adhere to. I believe that it is the intent of the practitioner that influences the final outcome. Natural magic, that is magic that comes from the heart, and is done without harmful intent, is the most powerful. Magic is all things--for some, it is an art, for others, it is a science. In ancient civilizations, the role of the Priest and the role of the Magician were interchangeable.

As Pagan culture became superseded by monotheistic religions, the word "magic" became a synonym for the primitive belief system of the old religions. Aleister Crowley defined magic as, "The science and art of causing changes to occur in conformity with will." A rather more enlightened definition was coined by Dion Fortune: that magic is, "The art of producing changes in conciousness in accordance with the will."

The Kabbalah offers probably the most insightful exploration into the nature of magic, and the mind of the magician. In theory, Kabbalists have proven that the energies involved in practical magic operate in the realm of Yesod (foundation) on the Tree of Life. Yesod is the realm in which dwells the lower self, or the ego. As well, the energies operate in the realm of Netzah (nature) and Hod (intelligence and imagination). Yesod, Netzah, and Hod make up the triad of Yetzirah (formation), at the lowest point on the Tree of Life.

This theory would suggest that the magician is acting in the lowest realm of spiritual endeavour. This would also postulate that the latent forces of nature are acted upon (or manipulated, if you will) by the magician's imagination, and driven by the desires of his/her ego.

If we subscribe to this theory, it would not be too difficult to understand the significance of visualization and manifestation. Visualizing is a very powerful tool. Literally, anything that can be imagined, and visualized, can become manifest. Yet another example of being careful what you wish for, because you just might get it. Therapists also use forms of visualization to treat everything from phobias to insomnia.

Ancient Egypt and Babylonia are probably where ceremonial or High magic originated, as both cultures possessed highly developed magical systems. After the decline of these civilizations, the ceremonial systems were preserved by the scholars of Alexandria. From Alexandria, the manuscripts filtered through Byzantium, to later be carried to Europe by the returning crusaders. By the time this knowledge entered the middle ages, the manuscripts and ceremonies had been augmented by a hierarchy of angels and demons from Judaic and Christian cosmology.

In my reality, magic may be used for positive purposes, or for negative purposes. It is the intent of the practitioner as to which way the scales will tip. Yes, there are individuals who choose to work on the darkside, and you will find these individuals in every walk of life, with some in very prominant, authoritative positions. However, in my experience, they are far outnumbered by practitioners who work on the positive side, and incorporate magic to embellish healing and spiritual growth.

Magic has long been condemned by orthodox religions as being 'primitive,' 'Pagan,' and 'evil' simply because it preserves some of the elements of the ancient religions. However, it does seem to be an acceptable practice if we change its name to 'creative visualization,' 'mind over matter,' 'self-hypnosis,' or 'the power of positive thinking.'

In the words of Paracelsus, "Man is superior to the stars if he lives in the power of superior wisdom. Such a person, being master over heaven and earth, by means of his will, is a magnus, and magic is not sorcery but supreme wisdom."

There are two main questions that have bugged both theologists and scientists for countless centuries; Where did the universe come from, and is it unique? There are many theories on both sides of the spectrum that have attempted to cover this, and neither side seems closer to the truth.

Why? The main problem seems to be that neither side is willing to give ground to the other. The theologists seem to be set in the frame that the Universe was all the work of some kind of supreme intelligence. The science-purists seem to believe that there was no conscious effort involved and the Universe merely is.

The big bang theory suggests that the Universe began as a quantumn singularity, a single point of space-time, which exploded to produce all matter and time we now see. This theory alone leaves many questions. For a start, if the Universe exploded into existance and is still expanding, what is it expanding into? For a second, if it began with a quantumn singularity which exploded, the explosion would have been uniform, causing the Universe to be uniform.

The Universe is not uniform. Matter gathers into clumps we call galaxies, and those clumps are formed of stars and, probably, planets. So why does the matter form in these clumps? There can be no answer to this with the theories that yet exist. As Professor Stephen Hawking stated on this matter "This leaves room for God."

One explanation is to view this five dimensionally. This is a difficult concept for the human mind, for we only normally see in three dimensions. We are aware of the fourth dimension of time, but only its effects are usually visible; time itself is outside our full understanding. If we view in five dimensions, the Universal view becomes both simpler and a lot more complex at the same time.

To consider this in simpler terms we must "fudge" our view of time-space. If we imagine a normal sphere, where the edge of the sphere represents the first four dimensions, or the space-time continuum. We can then view the exact centre of this sphere as the big-bang. All space-time is flowing from this point to form an ever expanding ball, much like our own Earth.

So what we see as the space-time continuum is merely the edge of the Universal sphere we live on. If we were to core our way deeper into the sphere, we would enter what science calls sub-space, the space below our own space. This would change our, what I like to call, spacial altitude. At lower spacial altitudes, the space- time density would increase in much the same way as our air pressure is greater at lower altitudes on Earth. But what would that mean in terms of basic logistics?

In sub-space, time and space would be compacted. Now we must invent whole new terms to define where we are. Spacial altitude is a ratio figure, so it does not require dimensions. In our normal state, we exist at an altitude of SA1. That means that 1 hour perceived is 1 hour actual, and 1 metre percieved is 1 metre actual. When we change our spacial altitude, the terms become complex. What we perceive would not change, but our position in normal space would be radically effected. The time and the space change are reversed to each other. The equations following show what I mean.

ActualSpace = PerceivedSpace / SpacialAltitude
ActualTime = PerceivedTime x SpacialAltitude

At a spacial altitude of SA0.5, 1 hour perceived would be 1 half-hour actual, whereas 1 half-metre perceived would be 1 metre actual. For example; Travelling at a speed of 1 KPH for 1 perceived hour would cover a perceived 1km as per normal. However, when we return to normal space we would find that we had travelled 2km actual and only half an hour of actual time would have passed. We, however, would have aged 1 full hour.

From this we can see that actual travel in sub-space would be costly, not only in terms of the amount of energy it would require to burrow into sub-space, but the genetic damage to ourselves could be phenomanal. This goes beyond merely accelerated aging, we cannot calculate the unforseen damages of adjusting our own spacial altitude. And even if the body survives intact, what of the mind?

The main advantage of sub-space is, quite obviously, in space travel. Our nearest star is alpha centuri, or proxima centuri. This star is over four light years away, that means that if we were to travel at light speed (Ignoring, for a second, the concepts defined by Einsteins special relativity about travel at light speed) it would take us four years to get there. This is way too long for us impatient human types. But, if we were to build a craft capable of travelling at light speed and lowering its spacial altitude to SA0.1, the journey would be very different. Tha crew would leave Earth, drop its altitude to SA0.1 and travel to proxima centuri. The crew would travel for four years then re-emerge to normal space four years older, orbitting alpha-centuri. However time for those of us outside the crew would only have passed for approximately 146 days. For sacrificing their own life energy, the crew would travel across space in less than half a year.

The opposite of sub-space is super-space. Super-space is merely the space above our own space-time continuum (Higher space, if you prefer). If we could burrow into sub-space, surely we could jump or even fly into super-space. This would reverse the effects on our perceived and actual space-time travel. To reverse the example used above, if we were to travel at a spacial altitude of SA2 at a speed of 1KPH for 1 hour, then return to normal space, we would find that we had travelled a mere half a kilometre and two hours of time had passed. We, however, would have only aged 1 hour.

The advantages of super-space are in the realms of one-way time travel. If we were to raise our spacial altitude to SA100, then sit and wait for 1 year, when we returned to normal space we would have aged only 1 year but an entire century would have passed us by.

I mentioned earlier Einsteins theory of special relativity, how movement causes bends in the space-time continuum. The faster one travels, the slower they age relatively. This is in keeping with the basic nature of rotational movement; the acceleration of a body moving in a circular motion is directed outwards of the circle. So when a body is in motion in our space-time continuum, the acceleration works in the fifth dimension; their spacial altitude increases until they deccelerate when they return to normal space.

This also explains why the Universe expands. Time is constantly moving, we have yet failed to find a way to stop it. As time and space are inherently linked, space must also be in motion along with time. This means the Universe itself is in motion, causing acceleration outwards and thus increasing the general Universal Spacial Altitude . This means we must reconsider our own understanding of spacial altitude. Our own standard altitude of 1 is not a constant, it is fluid. However, as everything in our normal space is related to it, our perception is fluid also. This is in keeping with Einstein's theory of relativity, in that there is no objective movement in the Universe, only relative movement. As our spacial altitude increases with every passing moment, our own perception adjusts to compensate, as does all relative motion in the Universe.

All these theories still leave many questions left to be answered. For a start, how can we see the big bang's remains when I have suggested it exists only at a SA0. This is simply explained using the theory of the non-unique big bang. If we observe our own planet, we can see it is not tectonically stable. There are fault lines which manifest as earthquakes and volcanos. If we consider that our space-time globe is also pitted with fissures such as this, we can see the emerging theory of the spacial big bang we witness.

If we see space-time as fluid at all altitudes, we can begin to picture the entire space-time globe much as our own Earth, with currents of space-time flowing around in sub-space. At the fault lines, this space-time breaks through and flows into our own Universe. From the true big-bang, currents of space-time flow up to the surface and out through these quantumn volcanoes. The perceived big-bang is the epicentre of a Universal space-timequake, which forms a ridge line in the space-time continuum. Galaxies then form along the ridge much like volcanic islands forming in the sea.

But where does all this leave room for religion? With all this science theory, is there still room for the Divine touch in the Universe? Well of course there is, for there are many questions we cannot yet answer. In this model of the Universe we can see random events such as Quantumn Fissures, currents of space-time, things science cannot clearly explain. Why do they occur? Simple, without them we would not be here.

Further the model shows that the Universe is one big mass of space-time. Space contains energy and matter (Both of which are the same thing in different forms: E=MC.sq). So space is one Universal pool of energy, some in the form of matter. This shows how the planets and stars were formed, and also how our bodies were formed. But it does not answer one fundamental question. How do we know? How are we conscious? How are we self-aware?

Science has shown us that thoughts travel through the brain in much the same way as electricity, but it has not yet told us why we think, why we feel or why we are who we are. In other words, science has failed to locate the human soul. That is yet another manifestation of my major grudge with the science purists; they refuse to give ground to the theologist. If it can be accepted that matter all comes from the Universal pool, that we ourselves are part of that pool, then we can easily see the next stage of thinking. Our consciousness must also hail from a Universal pool, hidden from the prying eyes of the scientist.

To break this down more, we look again to the Universal energy pool. We are all linked and one in this pool, we call it The Universe. It feeds us, keeps us warm, it even gives us life. So we can assume The Conscious Universe works the same way. We are all linked on a conscious level. That's why, disregarding personal perceptions, we all think and feel in pretty much the same way. If we consider this Conscious Universe as a whole, we are in fact considering the entirity of consciousness, something so much greater than ourselves alone; something Divine. This Divine Universe is the basis of Pantheistic theology. As a whole the Divine is the omnipotent, omnipresent force of the Universe. Within each of us, the Divine is our own personal Goddess or God.

Returning to personal perceptions, we each see the Divine in our own image. This is why there is no one single religion on Earth. Of course, many gather under the banner of a single Deity, or facet, of the Divine, but their own personal perceptions are different. This is why the largest church on the planet, the Christian Church, is divided into so many different groups. They are all worshipping a similar facet of the Divine, but their perceptions are all personal.

As with science-purists, my major grudge with religions is that many refuse to give ground to the scientists. My other grudge is also that many religions claim to hold a monopoly on truth. The easiest thought to go with this is that they are all wrong, and this is the stand taken by many scientists. Of course, surely they can't all be right.

Well, yes they can. Many religious doctrines were written many centuries ago, in a time when science was still very misunderstood. What we now call myth, was what they called science. In the same way, two thousand years from now, scientists will no doubt be laughing at what we thought today. In the same way, if we were to get a glimpse of scientific theory three thousand years from now, it would probably drive us insane. We would not be able to contemplate it. So if we were to take our own science back to the middle ages, they would suffer the same.

So it comes down to perception and understanding; basically, the terms we use. In the times when the bible was written, humankind was made aware of two other realities; namely heaven and hell. In my opinion, this was the Divine's way of making humankind aware of the realities of sub-space and super-space; though in extremes of each.

If we first consider heaven. Imagine the theoretical spacial altitude of infinity, as high as we could theoretically go. At this altitude there would be no influence from time whatsoever; we would, as the bible puts it, enjoy eternal life. Also, although distances would be infinate, we would also have infinite volume. We would be able to see and experience all of creation, without any effort whatsoever. We would also be privy to all of consciousness. This, indeed, would be heaven.

Next, of course, we have to look at the reverse; hell. This time we look deep into sub-space, towards 0 altitude. At 0 altitude, we would have no volume whatsoever, and thus no mass. We would not have a physical presence whatsoever. Also at this spacial depth we would have no consciousness, we would cease to be. All of time would rush by in less than an instant, and we would be there to experience none of it. If you thought the bible's description of hell was bad, try considering this.

In other traditions we are taught not only two other realities, but many others. Levels of heaven and hell, different planes of existance. How do these fit into the model of the Universe as I have shown here? We must consider, to see this, how we fit into the Universe. As well as our presence in what we consider normal space, we have some presence in super-space. This is obvious using Einstein's special relativity, how in moving we raise our spacial altitude. But how far into super-space do we naturally exist? And how far into sub-space? To see this we must look to the physics of our own perceived Universe.

The fastest moving phenomena we are aware of is light. We cannot travel at the speed of light and nothing travels faster than it. So if we consider that our spacial altitude is directly relative to our spacial speed, we can clearly determine that the natural presence of our own perceived Universe stretches into super-space up to the altitude attained at light speed. Anything which is travelling faster than light is outside our perception. Of course, were we to discover something that travels faster, we would merely re-adjust our calculations to compensate. I will leave this exact calculation to future number-crunchers, and merely assign it the value SAc (Spacial altitude at light speed). Obviously, SAc cannot be infinity, for this would make us immortal in our own perceived Universe. So we must begin to consider what is between SAc and infinity.

Between SAc and infinity there must be something, or why does this value exist? We can only consider this to be a plane of existance different to our own. The term outer-space has already been coined, so for the sake of this theory I will call this Outside-space. We can only guess at what may exist in outside-space. Other life forms? Other planetary systems? Who knows? What we can theorise, though, is the conditions of space-time.

In outside-space, time would move slower, so we can assume any life forms that exist out there will live far longer than us relatively, though they would perceive their lives the same as ours. They would be far more conscious than us, their view of our tiny Universe would probably make us go mad. Viewing us, these theoretical species would probably consider us like mayflies, with our lives rapidly flying past as fast as they blink a few times. But how would we view them?

Their lives would be vastly longer than ours, and their consciousness far greater. In a way this links my theory with what spiritualists call the Astral Plane. In various spiritual teachings, it is possible to project your spirit to other places in our own space-time continuum. So it is no great stretch of the imagination to see we can project them to different spacial altitudes. I have heard a great many stories of other races that exist on the Astral Plane. Could these be the theorised dwellers of outside-space? Also stories of angels and spirit-guides communicating with humankind, imparting great knowledge the listener could never have gained through their own insight. Could these also be dwellers of outside-space projecting themselves into our own Universe. The Elementals who aid Pagan rites. More dwellers of outside-space?

If we take all these theories in we can view outside-space in one of two ways. If we consider ourselves to be the lone life form in this Universe, we could see other altitudes as sharing our fate. In this way, super-space would be layered with each different realm having a different dominant species. If, however, we consider the probability that we are not alone in our own Universe, then super-space may well be a single realm with many species. Of course, both theories could mix, making super-space many layered with many species in each layer. The possibilities are endless, and that's before we even consider the same about sub-space.

But all in all this is just a theory I have been dreaming up for many years, and a theory can get nowhere without proof. So where is my proof? Well, for a start, Einstein's theories have never been fully proven, they are accepted as fact. And when you consider this global universal model, we see much that seems to conform with Einstein's theories too. But there are other signs that this theory seems to fit in with.

One such sign is the existance of non-stable particles. These are particles which exist one minute, and not the next. Where do these particles come from? Where do they go? Imagine, for a second, that the speed of light was not constant at the particle level. Light travels at an altitude of SAc. Imagine also there is a species which exists in outside space, where their lowest natural level of sub-space perception was just a hair above our own SAc. If a single light particle were to somehow become exposed to a sudden energy burst, it's speed would increase momentarily beyond the speed of light. Its spacial altitude would rise just a hair for just a moment. For that brief instant, the partical would be outside our own perceived Universe and within theirs. Voila, these creatures would detect the momentary presence of a non-stable particle. Are our own non-stable particles coming from just below our own perceived Universe?